The Manifestation of Sayyid Murtada’s Views in Theses
Sayyid Murtada’s considerable knowledge and his valuable works has fostered many researchers to choose his views and works as the subject of their research in the form of articles, books, theses and dissertations.
The abundance of the M.A. theses and Ph.D. dissertations which have focused on the mentioned subject and also the geographical, denominational and field-of-study variation of the students who have chosen this subject for their graduation research reveal Sayyid Murtada’s outstanding status. That is to say, among them one can notice Shiite and Sunnite students from universities in Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan and … having graduated in theology, Arabic literature, history etc.
In the following, a reference will be made to a number of these theses. It is well to mention that up to now about one hundred and ten M.A. and Ph.D. theses have been identified in this regard.
Sayyid Murtada Alam ol-Huda’s Interpretation Discussions
Samadanian Mohsen
Advisor: Hojjati, Sayyid Mohammad Baqir
Tehran University, ۱۹۹۰
The introduction of the thesis provides a biographical account concerning Sayyid Murtada ‘Alam ol-Huda; next his interpretation discussions have been extracted from his relevant works such as Amaali. The work presents the interpretation for the first Surah (Hamd), verses one to seven; and the second Surah (Baqarah), verses ۱۹ to ۲۴۳.
A Comparative Study of the Argumentations and Traditions Concerning the General Imamate from the Viewpoints of Sayyid Murtada (Al-Shaafi fi al-Imamah) and Qaazi Abd ol-Jabbar (Al-Moghni fi Abwaab al-Tawhid wa al-‘Adl)
Khalili Ashtiyani, Somayyeh, M.A. in Tradition Sciences (Theology and Beliefs)
Advisor: Dr. Zakiani, Gholamreza
Reader: Dr. Sa’idi Mehr, Mohammad
Faculty of Tradition Sciences, Shahr Rey, ۲۰۰۶
۳۲۱ pages
The purpose in this research is to provide a descriptive and analytic account on the discussions of the general Imamate in Sayyid Murtada’s book, Al-Shaafi fi al-Imaamah, which will naturally cover Al-Moghni, as well.
The four chapters in this thesis aim to study and introduce one of the Shiite theological works concerning Imamate. The first chapter provides Sayyid Murtada’s answers to the questions and doubts posed by Qaazi in concern with the rational necessity of Imamate. The chapter also includes the literal and technical definitions for imamate and the belief in its necessity in Mo’tazilah.
The second chapter provides Qazi’s evidences for verification of the necessity of imamate in traditions and in the religion, including the verses concerning the religious restrictions and the tradition of the consensus of the people concerning the issue of the appointment of the imam after the prophet PBUH.
The third chapter studies all the characteristics of the imam from the viewpoint of Imamiyyah, including infallibility, knowledge, superiority and bravery.
The forth chapter deals with the way the imam is determined and appointed by the prophet PBUH, and it presents a collection of the Imamiyyah and Mo’tazilah views to this end.
Sayyid Murtada’s Interpretation Views in His Book, Amaali (from Surah Maryam to Surah Faatir)
Musavi, ‘Alaviyeh Tahereh, M.A. in Qur’an and Tradition Sciences,
Advisor: Lesani Fesharaki, Mohammad Ali
Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, ۱۹۹۵
This thesis includes an introduction followed by three chapters including Sayyid Murtada’s interpretation views in regard with verses from the following Qur’anic Surahs. Part one: Maryam, Taaha, ‘Anbiyaa; part two: Sho’araa and Qisas; part three: Rum, ‘Ahzaab and Faatir.
A Comparative Study on Sayyid Murtada and ‘Allamah Tabatabaie’ Views Concerning the Prophets’ Infallibility
Qorbani, Akbar, M.A.
Advisor: Imami Jom’eh, Sayyid Mahdi
Isfahan University, ۲۰۰۰
The thesis, including ۱۲۸ pages, is arranged in two parts and five chapters. The first part, including chapters one and two, presents a general account about infallibility. It defines the infallibility, and explains about the stages and scope of the prophets’ infallibility and provides the Shiite theologians’ arguments to this end. The second part, including the third, fourth and fifth chapters, is a comparative study on the views of two Shiite scholars, i.e. Sayyid Murtada and ‘Allameh Sayyid Mohammad Hussein Tabatabaie, concerning the prophets’ infallibility. The work acquaints the reader with the developments of the Shiite thoughts in a period of one thousand years in concern with the discussed issue.
A Study on Sayyid Murtada’s Discussions about Traditions
Omidi, Zahra, M.A.
Advisor: Irvani Najafi
Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, ۲۰۰۷
Sayyid Murtada was one of most outstanding figures from the Baghdad school of though and took an approach which was different from the tradition-based school of Qom. He followed specific principles and regulations in concern with the way of appealing to traditions. He analyzed and evaluated the traditions based on these principles. In his view, credible traditions are as trustworthy as the Qur’an and therefore they can be employed as the basis for the sanction of religious decrees. The present research, which studies Sayyid Murtada’s tradition discussions, provides a general account about the particular tradition records among the Shiites and Sunnites and then it studies the position of traditions in Sayyid Murtada’s works through clarifying his biography and works. Next, because of the importance of fiqh ol-hadith (tradition jurisprudence) in Sayyid Murtada’s works, an independent chapter deals with the principles of fiqh ol-hadith in his works. At the end, his methods and tools of tradition jurisprudence are extracted through presenting examples from among his works.
Sayyid Murtada’s Approach in Tradition Jurisprudence, with an Emphasis on His Work, Al-‘Amaali
Ghafouri Esfarizi, Seddiqeh, M.A. in the Qur’an and Tradition Sciences
Advisor: Shahroudi, Mohammadreza
Reader: Soleimani, Davoud
Tehran University, ۲۰۰۶
Tradition Jurisprudence (fiqh ol-hadith) is a branch of tradition sciences which deals with “the text of the tradition and its implications” and provides a number of strategies for achieving a sound understanding from the traditions. A considerable discussion in fiqh ol-hadith is to deal with “odd”, “brief” and “ambiguous” traditions and the scholars have tried to clarify such traditions through different approaches. Sayyid Murtada is one of such scholars from the fifth century (After Hijrah), who has dealt with this issue in some of his works, such as Al-Amaali. His approaches in Al-Amaali in clarification and interpretation of traditions can set some general criteria for understanding such kind of traditions. Therefore, the present study focuses on Sayyid Murtada’s approaches in fiqh ol-hadith through providing a brief account on his social and scientific life, introducing his work Al-Amaali, and presenting a general discussion on fiqh ol-hadith and critical analysis of traditions (naqd ol-hadith). To this end, the principle of Sayyid Murtada’s approach in fiqh ol-hadith was found to be “concordance of the traditions with the uncontroversial rational findings and religious instructions”; furthermore, his approach in fiqh ol-hadith is classified and explained as: literary approach, rational (theological and osoul) approach, tradition-based approach (appealing to the Qur’an, traditions and their context), utilizing fiqh regulations, and taking measures against external validity and the probability of the mistakes by the narrators. Finally, the obstacles in understanding the traditions have been mentioned from the viewpoint of Sayyid Murtada, under the title of “Sayyid Murtada and pathology of unsound interpretations”; these obstacles include: being in contrast with senses; observations and popular customs; inaccuracy of practicing the fiqh regulations; being in contrast with traditions, wisdom, history etc.
A Translation, Criticism and Clarification of the Qur’anic and Tradition Discussions in Sayyid Murtada’s Amaali: up to Session ۱۵
‘Abdolmajid Hoseinizadeh Harat, M.A. in Theology and Islamic Sciences
Advisor: Tabatabaiepour, Kazem
Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, ۲۰۰۵
Al-Ghorar wa al-Dorar, known as Amaali is one of Sharif Murtada’s books, which deals with the Qur’anic and tradition discussions concerning the Islamic beliefs and Arabic literature. This thesis is a translation of a portion of this book (from session one to session fifteen). The work also clarifies the complicated terms in Amaali; furthermore, a criticism have been presented concerning the interpretation and tradition discussions of Amaali through reference to numerous interpretations and books and also some innovations by the translator. The researcher has also provided some novel Qur’anic interpretations based on the modern sciences.
A Translation and Research on the Chapter of Judgment and Testimony in Sayyid Murtada’s Book, Al-Intisaar
Hoseini Ma’soum, Ali Akbar, M.A. in Theology and Islamic Sciences
Advisor: Hojjat ol-Islam Gowgani
Tehran University, ۱۹۹۰
The thesis includes the following discussion: Mosannif’s explanation, a study on the term of “judgment”, the functional meaning of judgment in fiqh, types of judgment, judgment and testimonies and the relevant issues, the reasons by the Shiites for the first and second issues of the judgment in the book of testimonies, the permissibility of testimony by relatives, the arguments by Shiites for permissibility of the slave’s testimony for his master, unacceptability of bastard’s testimony, acceptability of the testimony by blinds provided that they are just, the conditions for acceptability of the testimony by children.
Translation and Study of the Issues of Bay’ (sale) from Sayyid Murtada’s Book, Al-Intisaar
Aal-e Taha, Sayyid Hussein, M.A. in Theology and Islamic Sciences
Advisor: Hojjat ol-Islam Gowgani
Tehran University, ۱۹۹۰
The discussions in this thesis include: a biography of Sayyid Murtada including an account on his life, teachers, students, works, epithets (‘Alam ol-Huda, Zu al-Mathaanin, etc.); the regulations of Islam; the importance and classification of fiqh regulations; definition of sale and its issues in fiqh books and in Intisar; types of rights; the book of Bay’ (sale); definition of Khiaar (option); option of animals and the jurists’ views about it; definition of the option of condition and the jurists’ view about it; negation of usury between father and his children; Muslims and Zimmis (free non-Muslims living in a Muslim country), permissibility of the sale of runaway slaves and released camels, prohibition of sale of beer (Fiqaa’), definition and conditions of delay option and the jurists’ views about it; the issue of an option without time limit; the issue of selling something along with a cash or credit deal; the issue of the payment before the due time with a reduction of the price; the issue of selling animals conditioned with exceptions; a brief biography of the jurists who have been cited in this thesis, including: Sheikh Murtada Ansaari, Sheikh Mufid; Mohaqiq Helli; Ibn-i Zohrah, etc.
Translation and Criticism of the Second Part of Sayyid Murtada’s Book, Tanzih ol-Anbiaa
Abbasi, Fereshteh, M.A. in Literature and Humanities
Advisor: Abaas Homami
Reader: Mazaheri, Mohammad Mehdi
Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch, ۲۰۰۴
The purpose of this research is to identify the views of the Sunnites concerning the prophets’ infallibility in order to answer them and reject the wrong ones. The target audience in this regard is the youths. The research method is library method and the sources include books, CDs, Islamic sites, dictionaries and Arabic grammar books. The results show that the prophets are pure from any deficiencies, sins and mistakes because of their profound knowledge. Any accusations to them are basically lies. To this end, one can say that they have, at most, ignored a recommendation rather than an obligation.
